Colorum and franchise violations
The largest figures on this site are here, and they are not priced per offence in the ordinary way: colorum is priced by vehicle type, offences are counted against the operator rather than the vehicle, and a second offence reaches the operator's entire fleet rather than the unit that was stopped.
Colorum
Priced by vehicle type, not by offence
Six vehicle types, six different first-offence figures, and a minimum impounding period alongside each.
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| Vehicle type | First offence | Minimum impounding |
|---|---|---|
| Bus | ₱1,000,000 | 3 months |
| Trucks | ₱200,000 | 3 months |
| Jeepney | ₱50,000 | 3 months |
| Vans | ₱200,000 | 3 months |
| Sedan | ₱120,000 | 3 months |
| Motorcycle | ₱6,000 | 3 months |
What counts as colorum
Five circumstances, and only one of them is 'no franchise at all'
- a private motor vehicle operating as a PUV but without proper authority from the LTFRB
- a PUV operating outside of its approved route or area without a prior permit from the Board or outside the exceptions provided under existing memorandum circulars
- a PUV operating differently from its authorized denomination (e.g. those approved as school service but operating as UV express, or those approved as tourist bus transport but operating as city or provincial bus)
- a PUV with suspended or cancelled CPC and the Decision/Order of suspension or cancellation is executory
- a PUV with expired CPC and without a pending application for extension of validity timely filed before the Board
The consequences
A first offence reaches one franchise. A second reaches the fleet.
This is the escalation that matters here, and it is not a larger fine — the second offence states no bigger figure at all.
First offence
- Revocation of the ENTIRE Certificate of Public Convenience ("CPC") where the apprehended vehicle belongs (except when apprehended vehicle is with private/green plate)
- Blacklisting of the apprehended vehicle and all other authorized units included in the CPC from being used as a public utility vehicle
- Revocation of the registration of the apprehended vehicle and all other authorized units included in the franchise
Second offence
- Revocation of ALL CPCs (entire fleet) of the operator
- Disqualification of the operator, and in case of a corporation, all its stockholders and directors, to operate any kind of public land transportation
- Blacklisting of ALL authorized units (entire fleet) of the operator from being used as public utility vehicle
- Revocation of the registration of ALL authorized units (entire fleet) of the operator
The counting rule
Offences are counted against the operator, not the vehicle
The recurring ladder
Most franchise items share one three-rung ladder
Refusing service, overcharging, missing body markings, no franchise evidence, defective parts, trip cutting and the rest all price identically.
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| Offence | Fine | Also | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| First offence | ₱5,000 | — | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
| Second offence | ₱10,000 | Unit impounded for 30 days | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
| Third-and-subsequent offence | ₱15,000 | Certificate of Public Convenience cancelled for the unit | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
Your offence count
None of these ladders states a reset window. No instrument in this corpus says an offence count lapses after a period, so a second offence is a second offence however long ago the first was.
What that rung states
Fine stated- Fine
- ₱5,000
- Also
- —
JAO 2014-01 §IV — counted against the operator
Two items that do not share it
Accessibility, and fraud
One has its own much larger scale. The other has no monetary fine at all.
Accessibility for persons with disabilities
Failing to display the accessibility symbol, failing to designate seats, or refusing to carry a person with a disability carries its own ladder — an order of magnitude above the shared one. A second offence also impounds the unit for at least 45 days, at ₱500 per day.
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| Offence | Fine | Also | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| First offence | ₱50,000 | — | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
| Second offence | ₱75,000 | min. 45-day impound + ₱500/day impound fee | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
| Subsequent offence | ₱100,000 | CPC cancellation | SCAN · READ BY EYE |
Franchise fraud is revocation only — no monetary fine
One row in the franchise section behaves unlike every other row in it. Presenting a fake or spurious franchise, receipt, registration, plate, sticker or tag states only revocation or cancellation of the franchise, after due notice and hearing — no monetary fine appears in that row at all, where every neighbouring row is a fine plus a consequence.
What that row does state is: Revocation/Cancellation of the franchise/Certificate of Public Convenience, after due notice of hearing pursuant to LTFRB Memorandum Circular No. 2013-003
Not the whole picture